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Sardinia, region of sardinia, sardinia region
Region of Sardinia

Sardinia Region: location, history, culture, interest

Sardinia is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily). It is an autonomous region of Italy with a total area of 24,090 square kilometres and a population of 1.6 million. Cagliari is the capital of Sardinia, ruled by a special statute. The provinces are: Cagliari, Carbonia-Iglesias, Medio Campidano, Nuoro, Ogliastra, Olbia-Tempio, Oristano and Sassari.

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The coasts are jagged and rocky and Sardinia's turquoise sea and white sandy beaches rival the best that the tropics can offer. The seaside landscapes, especially on the Costa Smeralda, are among the most beautiful in the world. Numerous small, enchanting islets are scattered in front of the coasts including the islands of Sant'Antioco & San Pietro, off the coast of Southwestern Sardinia, which offer all the charm and hospitality of Sardinia so far unspoiled by too much tourist development.

Sardinia is an ancient land with a fascinating history. There are many historic sites of great interest on the Island. There are about 7,000 "nuraghi" dotted around the Island. These are truncated cone towers made of huge stone blocks which were fortified dwellings of the earliest inhabitants of Sardinia. There are Roman ruins at Tharros on the western side of the Island and other Roman relics at Porto Torres and Cagliari. The National Archaeologic Museum of Cagliari is the most important museum in the island.

Away from the coast, the scenery is equally beautiful with forested mountain peaks, valleys of citrus groves and pastures of happily grazing cattle and sheep. Alghero, in Northwestern Sardinia, has a fascinating Catalan history and a delightful historic centre. Calgliari is historic and cosmopolitan at the same time, combining ancient traditions with the vibrant city life of a major 21st century capital city. Among the most important events hosted by the city is the festival of Saint Efisio. This procession takes place every year to commemorate the Saint, regarded as the protector of the city.

Sardinia is an enchanting region that offers a diverse array of natural beauty, rich history, and vibrant culture. Located off the western coast of Italy, this Italian island is a haven for travelers seeking pristine beaches, rugged mountains, ancient ruins, and traditional cuisine. With its unique blend of landscapes and a distinct identity, Sardinia beckons visitors to immerse themselves in its charms. In this essay, we will embark on a comprehensive exploration of the region of Sardinia, delving into its geography, history, culture, landmarks, and cuisine.

Sardinia's geography is characterized by a stunning variety of landscapes, ranging from azure coastlines to towering mountains. The island is situated in the Tyrrhenian Sea, to the west of the Italian mainland. With a land area of around 24,000 square kilometers, Sardinia boasts a diverse topography that captivates visitors.

The coastline of Sardinia stretches for approximately 1,850 kilometers, offering an abundance of picturesque beaches, hidden coves, and crystal-clear waters. The Costa Smeralda, on the northeastern coast, is famous for its pristine white sandy beaches and luxurious resorts. Cala Luna, Cala Goloritzé, and Spiaggia Rosa are just a few examples of the countless breathtaking beaches found across the island.

Inland, Sardinia reveals its rugged soul. The island is home to the Gennargentu Massif, a mountain range that reaches heights of over 1,800 meters. Here, nature lovers can explore deep gorges, dense forests, and picturesque lakes, such as Lake Omodeo and Lake Cedrino. The Supramonte region offers thrilling trekking opportunities, showcasing dramatic cliffs, sinkholes, and panoramic views.

Sardinia boasts a fascinating history that dates back thousands of years, leaving behind an extraordinary collection of archaeological sites and remnants of ancient civilizations. The island was inhabited by various peoples, including the Nuragic civilization, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, and Byzantines.

One of the most iconic archaeological sites on the island is the Nuraghe Su Nuraxi, a UNESCO World Heritage site. This complex structure, built by the Nuragic civilization around 1,500 BCE, consists of a central tower surrounded by a fortified village. Exploring these stone ruins provides insight into the island's prehistoric past and the advanced engineering skills of its inhabitants.

Other notable sites include the ancient Phoenician city of Nora, located on the southern coast, and the Roman amphitheater in Cagliari, the island's capital. Tharros, an ancient city perched on a promontory overlooking the sea, showcases ruins from the Phoenician, Roman, and Byzantine periods. These archaeological treasures bring Sardinia's rich history to life and allow visitors to step back in time.

Sardinia's vibrant culture is deeply rooted in its history, language, and unique traditions. The island has its own distinct identity, with a strong sense of pride in its heritage. Sardinians value their traditions and celebrate them through various festivals, music, and traditional costumes.

One of the most famous festivals in Sardinia is the "Sagra di Sant'Efisio" held in Cagliari. This event, which takes place in May, honors the island's patron saint and attracts thousands of participants dressed in traditional attire. The festival includes a grand procession through the streets of Cagliari, featuring folk groups, horse-drawn carriages, and colorful decorations.

Another cultural highlight is the traditional Sardinian music, known as "canto a tenore." This unique form of polyphonic singing involves four vocal parts blending harmoniously together. The haunting melodies and rhythmic chants evoke a strong sense of Sardinian identity and captivate listeners with their ancient origins.

Sardinian cuisine is a delightful reflection of the island's culture and natural resources. The traditional diet consists of simple yet flavorful dishes, often prepared with local ingredients. The island is renowned for its pecorino cheese, made from the milk of Sardinian sheep, and its cured meats, such as prosciutto and sausages. Seafood lovers can indulge in a variety of fresh seafood dishes, including bottarga (salted, cured fish roe) and spaghetti with sea urchin sauce. To complement the meal, Sardinia offers excellent local wines, including Vermentino and Cannonau.

Sardinia is replete with landmarks and natural wonders that leave visitors awestruck. From ancient fortresses to breathtaking caves, the island offers a plethora of attractions to explore.

Cagliari, the capital of Sardinia, boasts several landmarks worth visiting. The Castello district, perched atop a hill, features the medieval Castello di San Michele and the Cathedral of Santa Maria. The city also offers a vibrant atmosphere, with bustling markets, lively cafes, and a picturesque waterfront.

In the northwest, the town of Alghero beckons with its well-preserved historic center and its defensive walls dating back to the Catalan-Aragonese period. Alghero is also a gateway to the Neptune's Grotto (Grotta di Nettuno), a remarkable sea cave accessible by boat or through a spectacular stairway carved into the cliffside.

On the eastern coast, the Golfo di Orosei presents visitors with stunning limestone cliffs, hidden beaches, and the opportunity to take a boat trip to explore the pristine waters and remote coves. The Cala Goloritzé beach, with its iconic limestone pinnacle, is a highlight of this area and a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Furthermore, the Maddalena Archipelago, located in the northeast, consists of a group of islands renowned for their turquoise waters and unspoiled natural beauty. The islands offer excellent opportunities for snorkeling, diving, and sailing, allowing visitors to immerse themselves in the Mediterranean charm.

Sardinia, with its breathtaking landscapes, rich history, vibrant culture, and mouthwatering cuisine, is a region that captivates all who venture to its shores. From the stunning beaches and rugged mountains to the ancient ruins and traditional festivals, Sardinia offers a remarkable journey through time and nature. Whether it's exploring archaeological wonders, indulging in local delicacies, or simply relaxing on pristine shores, Sardinia promises an unforgettable experience that will leave travelers yearning for more of its Mediterranean allure.

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Flag of Sardinia
  • Regional Information

    • Area: 24,090 km²
      Population: 1.6 million
      Density: 69/km²
      Capital: Cagliari

      National Parks:
      Archipelago of La Maddalena National Park
      Asinara National Park
      Gennargentu National Park
Location of Sardinia
Provinces of Sardinia
  • Comunes of Sardinia
    • Cagliari
      • Armungia
        Assemini
        Ballao
        Barrali
        Burcei
        Cagliari
        Capoterra
        Castiadas
        Decimomannu
        Decimoputzu
        Dolianova
        Domus De Maria
        Donori
        Elmas
        Escalaplano
        Escolca
        Esterzili
        Gergei
        Gesico
        Goni
        Guamaggiore
        Guasila
        Isili
        Mandas
        Maracalagonis
        Monastir
        Monserrato
        Muravera
        Nuragus
        Nurallao
        Nuraminis
        Nurri
        Orroli
        Ortacesus
        Pimentel
        Pula
        Quartu Sant’Elena
        Quartucciu
        Sadali
        Samatzai
        San Basilio
        San Nicolò Gerrei
        San Sperate
        San Vito
        Sant’Andrea Frius
        Sarroch
        Selargius
        Selegas
        Senorbì
        Serdiana
        Serri
        Sestu
        Settimo San Pietro
        Seulo
        Siliqua
        Silius
        Sinnai
        Siurgus Donigala
        Soleminis
        Suelli
        Teulada
        Ussana
        Uta
        Vallermosa
        Villa San Pietro
        Villanova Tulo
        Villaputzu
        Villasalto
        Villasimius
        Villasor
        Villaspeciosa

    • Carbonia-Iglesias
      • Buggerru
        Calasetta
        Carbonia
        Carloforte
        Domusnovas
        Fluminimaggiore
        Giba
        Gonnesa
        Iglesias
        Masainas
        Musei
        Narcao
        Nuxis
        Perdaxius
        Piscinas
        Portoscuso
        San Giovanni Suergiu
        Santadi
        Sant’Anna Arresi
        Sant’Antioco
        Tratalias
        Villamassargia
        Villaperuccio

    • Medio Campidano
      • Arbus
        Barumini
        Collinas
        Furtei
        Genuri
        Gesturi
        Gonnosfanadiga
        Guspini
        Las Plassas
        Lunamatrona
        Pabillonis
        Pauli Arbarei
        Samassi
        San Gavino Monreale
        Sanluri
        Sardara
        Segariu
        Serramanna
        Serrenti
        Setzu
        Siddi
        Tuili
        Turri
        Ussaramanna
        Villacidro
        Villamar
        Villanovaforru
        Villanovafranca

    • Nuoro
      • Aritzo
        Atzara
        Austis
        Belvì
        Birori
        Bitti
        Bolotana
        Borore
        Bortigali
        Desulo
        Dorgali
        Dualchi
        Fonni
        Gadoni
        Galtellì
        Gavoi
        Irgoli
        Lei
        Loculi
        Lodè
        Lodine
        Lula
        Macomer
        Mamoiada
        Meana Sardo
        Noragugume
        Nuoro
        Oliena
        Ollolai
        Olzai
        Onanì
        Onifai
        Oniferi
        Orani
        Orgosolo
        Orosei
        Orotelli
        Ortueri
        Orune
        Osidda
        Ottana
        Ovodda
        Posada
        Sarule
        Silanus
        Sindia
        Siniscola
        Sorgono
        Teti
        Tiana
        Tonara
        Torpè

    • Ogliastra
      • Arzana
        Bari Sardo
        Baunei
        Cardedu
        Elini
        Gairo
        Girasole
        Ilbono
        Jerzu
        Lanusei
        Loceri
        Lotzorai
        Osini
        Perdasdefogu
        Seui
        Talana
        Tertenia
        Tortolì
        Triei
        Ulassai
        Urzulei
        Ussassai
        Villagrande Strisaili

    • Olbia-Tempio
      • Aggius
        Aglientu
        Alà dei Sardi
        Arzachena
        Badesi
        Berchidda
        Bortigiadas
        Buddusò
        Budoni
        Calangianus
        Golfo Aranci
        La Maddalena
        Loiri Porto San Paolo
        Luogosanto
        Luras
        Monti
        Olbia
        Oschiri
        Padru
        Palau
        San Teodoro
        Santa Teresa Gallura
        Sant’Antonio di Gallura
        Telti
        Tempio Pausania
        Trinità d’Agultu e Vignola

    • Oristano
      • Abbasanta
        Aidomaggiore
        Albagiara
        Ales
        Allai
        Arborea
        Ardauli
        Assolo
        Asuni
        Baradili
        Baratili San Pietro
        Baressa
        Bauladu
        Bidonì
        Bonarcado
        Boroneddu
        Bosa
        Busachi
        Cabras
        Cuglieri
        Curcuris
        Flussio
        Fordongianus
        Genoni
        Ghilarza
        Gonnoscodina
        Gonnosnò
        Gonnostramatza
        Laconi
        Magomadas
        Marrubiu
        Masullas
        Milis
        Modolo
        Mogorella
        Mogoro
        Montresta
        Morgongiori
        Narbolia
        Neoneli
        Norbello
        Nughedu Santa Vittoria
        Nurachi
        Nureci
        Ollastra
        Oristano
        Palmas Arborea
        Pau
        Paulilatino
        Pompu
        Riola Sardo
        Ruinas
        Sagama
        Samugheo
        San Nicolò d’Arcidano
        San Vero Milis
        Santa Giusta
        Santu Lussurgiu
        Scano di Montiferro
        Sedilo
        Seneghe
        Senis
        Sennariolo
        Siamaggiore
        Siamanna
        Siapiccia
        Simala
        Simaxis
        Sini
        Siris
        Soddì
        Solarussa
        Sorradile
        Suni
        Tadasuni
        Terralba
        Tinnura
        Tramatza
        Tresnuraghes
        Ulà Tirso
        Uras
        Usellus
        Villa Sant’Antonio
        Villa Verde
        Villanova Truschedu
        Villaurbana
        Zeddiani
        Zerfaliu

    • Sassari
      • Alghero
        Anela
        Ardara
        Banari
        Benetutti
        Bessude
        Bonnanaro
        Bono
        Bonorva
        Borutta
        Bottidda
        Bultei
        Bulzi
        Burgos
        Cargeghe
        Castelsardo
        Cheremule
        Chiaramonti
        Codrongianos
        Cossoine
        Erula
        Esporlatu
        Florinas
        Giave
        Illorai
        Ittireddu
        Ittiri
        Laerru
        Mara
        Martis
        Monteleone Rocca Doria
        Mores
        Muros
        Nughedu San Nicolò
        Nule
        Nulvi
        Olmedo
        Osilo
        Ossi
        Ozieri
        Padria
        Pattada
        Perfugas
        Ploaghe
        Porto Torres
        Pozzomaggiore
        Putifigari
        Romana
        Santa Maria Coghinas
        Sassari
        Sedini
        Semestene
        Sennori
        Siligo
        Sorso
        Stintino
        Tergu
        Thiesi
        Tissi
        Torralba
        Tula
        Uri
        Usini
        Valledoria
        Viddalba
        Villanova Monteleone

Hotels in Sardinia
SardiniaWEATHER
Sardinia Climate (Cagliari)
  High Low Sun Rain
Jan 9 2 3 55
Feb 11 3 4 53
Mar 13 4 5 63
Apr 17 7 6 55
May 21 11 8 35
Jun 25 15 9 44
Jul 28 17 10 34
Aug 28 17 9 54
Sep 25 14 7 61
Oct 20 11 6 74
Nov 15 8 4 71
Dec 12 3 3 77
Table Key:
High - Average monthly high temperatures
Low - Average monthly low temperatures
Sun - Average hours of sunshine per day
Rain - Average monthly rainfall in mm
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