Province of Reggio Calabria

The Calabrian province of Reggio Calabria is right on the 'toe' of Italy in the heart of Mediterranean Sea. Reggio Calabria has the Ionion Sea to the east and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the south and west and the land inbetween is high, wooded and rich. It faces Sicily which is just 3.2 km across the Strait of Messina on the Tyrhennain side. To the north it borders the provinces of Vibo Valentia and Catanzaro.

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Province of Reggio Calabria, Calabria

The Tyrhennain coast in this province is notable for its buildings and terraces high on the cliffs overhanging the sea. This coastal area is known as the Costa Viola because of the reflections, particularly at sunset, which turn the colour of the sea to violet. This stretch of coast also has a large and important port at Gioia Tauro which is on the route connection the Suez to Gibralter and is one of the busiest maritime corridors in the world.

This is a very fertile province heavily wooded with beech, fir, chestnut and oak trees. Vines and olives are produced along with the bergamot orange, clementines and other citrus fruits. A large part of this province is taken up by the Aspromonte National Park which is covered with hectares of pine forests on the Tyrrhenian side and beech on the Ionian side.

There are a lot of fast flowing rivers in this province, the largest of which is the Stilaro which is almost 60km long. Because it is mountainous there are also many spectacular waterfalls of which the Cascata del Marmarico which is 114m high.

The province of Reggio Calabria is also rich in history and mythology and there are many traces of the Magna-Graecia culture. Mythology and history merge into one in the little town of Scilla which is distinctive with a rock jutting out into the sea on top of which sits a castle (Ruffo Castle).

The town of Reggio Calabria is the capital of the province is the largest, oldest and most heavily populated town in the region of Calabria and one of the oldest towns in the whole of Italy. It is a popular holiday resort and has a lovely, wide open promenade called the Lungomare Falcomatà where you can stroll and look across the Straits of Messina to Sicily. There are many important and interesting building and musuems in this town, the most important being the National Museum of Greater Greece where the Riace Bronzes are housed.

This province is also home to a ghost town, Pentedattilo, which was damaged, and subsequently deserted, by an earthquake in 1783. The village remained empty until 1960 when volunteers spent 20 years partially restoring it.

Other villages worth noting are Bova which is dominated by the ruins of a Norman Castle, Roghudi, a good example of Magna-Graecia colonisation, Galatro a famous thermal establishment, Gerace which was built on a hill of sea fossils and the fast growing tourist resort of Palmi.

Located at the southernmost tip of the Italian peninsula, 'Reggio Calabria Province' is a region steeped in history, natural beauty, and cultural richness. It is the largest province in the 'Calabria region', bordered by the 'Ionian' and 'Tyrrhenian seas' and separated from the island of 'Sicily' by the 'Strait of Messina'. From ancient Greek ruins and breathtaking coastal vistas to the vibrant energy of 'Reggio Calabria city', the province offers an immersive experience into Italy’s multifaceted heritage. With its blend of pristine beaches, mountainous landscapes, and a vibrant cultural scene, Reggio Calabria is a hidden gem that attracts travelers looking for authentic Italian experiences.

Historical Overview of Reggio Calabria Province

Reggio Calabria has a rich and diverse history that spans thousands of years. It was one of the earliest Greek colonies in Southern Italy, known as 'Rhegion', founded around the 8th century BCE. The ancient city played a significant role in 'Magna Graecia', a region that was an intellectual and cultural powerhouse of the Greek world. Rhegion thrived as a cultural and trading hub due to its strategic position at the crossroads of the Mediterranean.

Over the centuries, the area fell under 'Roman' rule, followed by control from the 'Byzantines', 'Normans', and later the 'Spanish'. Each of these civilizations left their mark on the city’s architecture, culture, and social fabric, contributing to the region’s diverse identity.

Perhaps one of Reggio Calabria’s most famous contributions to the world is the discovery of the 'Bronzi di Riace', two ancient Greek bronze statues that date back to the 5th century BCE. These statues, unearthed from the Ionian Sea near Riace in 1972, are considered masterpieces of classical Greek art and are displayed in the National Archaeological Museum in Reggio Calabria.

Must-See Attractions in Reggio Calabria Province

Reggio Calabria City

The provincial capital, 'Reggio Calabria city', is a vibrant urban center with a deep historical and cultural heritage. 'Corso Garibaldi', the city’s main street, is a bustling avenue filled with shops, cafes, and restaurants, where visitors can enjoy the lively atmosphere.

One of the key attractions in the city is the 'National Archaeological Museum of Reggio Calabria', which houses the famous 'Bronzi di Riace' statues. These two life-size bronze warriors are among the most important surviving works from ancient Greece and attract art lovers and historians from around the world. The museum also contains a wealth of artifacts from the Magna Graecia period, including pottery, weapons, and sculptures.

Another must-visit is the 'Reggio Calabria Cathedral', originally built in the 11th century and reconstructed multiple times following earthquakes. The cathedral showcases a mix of Romanesque and neo-Romanesque architectural styles, reflecting the city’s layered history.

'Lungomare Falcomatà', a beautiful seafront promenade, is often referred to as “the most beautiful kilometer in Italy” due to its sweeping views of the Strait of Messina and Sicily. Lined with palm trees, gardens, and historic buildings, the promenade is a perfect place for an evening stroll.

Scilla

Nestled on the Tyrrhenian coast, the picturesque fishing village of 'Scilla' is one of the most beautiful and iconic locations in Reggio Calabria Province. According to Greek mythology, Scilla was home to the legendary sea monster 'Scylla', who, along with Charybdis, guarded the narrow Strait of Messina.

Scilla is divided into two sections: 'Chianalea', the ancient fishing district known for its colorful houses perched along the water, and 'Marina Grande', a stunning beach area. Dominating the town is 'Ruffo Castle', a medieval fortress offering panoramic views of the coastline and the shimmering sea below. Scilla’s charm, combined with its mythological significance, makes it a must-visit destination.

Gerace

Located inland, the medieval hilltop town of 'Gerace' is a treasure trove of history and architecture. With its well-preserved stone buildings, narrow streets, and breathtaking views of the Ionian Sea, Gerace is one of the most picturesque towns in the province. The town’s centerpiece is the 'Cathedral of Gerace', one of the largest in Southern Italy, dating back to the 11th century. The cathedral’s Romanesque design and Norman influences reflect the town’s historical importance.

Another attraction is the 'Norman Castle', which sits at the top of the hill, offering panoramic views of the surrounding landscape. Gerace is also known for its 'artisanal crafts', particularly pottery and weaving, which can be found in local workshops.

Aspromonte National Park

For nature lovers, 'Aspromonte National Park' is a stunning natural reserve that covers much of the mountainous terrain in Reggio Calabria Province. The park is named after 'Mount Aspromonte', a limestone massif that rises above the region, offering breathtaking views of both the Ionian and Tyrrhenian coasts.

The park is home to a wide range of wildlife, including wolves, golden eagles, and rare plants. It offers numerous hiking trails, waterfalls, and scenic spots for outdoor enthusiasts. One of the most spectacular sites in the park is the 'Montalto', the highest peak in the Aspromonte range, which provides panoramic views across Calabria and even to Sicily on clear days.

Cultural Heritage and Traditions

Reggio Calabria Province is a land of deeply rooted traditions, with its cultural heritage reflected in its festivals, music, and crafts. The province’s identity has been shaped by centuries of influence from Greek, Roman, Norman, and Spanish cultures.

Religious Festivals

Religious festivals play a significant role in the cultural life of Reggio Calabria. One of the most important is the 'Festa della Madonna della Consolazione', the patron saint of the city, which takes place in September. The festival features a large procession where the statue of the Madonna is carried through the streets of Reggio Calabria, accompanied by music, prayers, and fireworks.

Another notable event is 'Holy Week in Gerace', where traditional processions reenact the Passion of Christ, attracting visitors from across Italy to witness the ancient rituals.

Music and Dance

Traditional 'Calabrian folk music' is an integral part of the province’s cultural identity, with instruments like the 'zampogna' (bagpipes) and 'tamburello' (tambourine) commonly used in local performances. The 'tarantella', a lively folk dance, is often performed during festivals and celebrations, with its fast-paced rhythms and intricate footwork captivating audiences.

Gastronomy of Reggio Calabria

The cuisine of Reggio Calabria is a reflection of the region’s agricultural and coastal bounty. The food is rustic, hearty, and full of intense flavors, often incorporating local ingredients such as 'peppers', 'olives', and 'citrus fruits'. The proximity to both the Ionian and Tyrrhenian seas provides the province with a rich variety of seafood.

Swordfish (Pesce Spada)

One of the province’s signature dishes is 'swordfish', which is commonly grilled or served with a simple dressing of olive oil, lemon, and herbs. The waters around the Strait of Messina are famous for swordfish fishing, and the fish features prominently in many local recipes.

'Nduja

''Nduja', a spicy, spreadable pork sausage, is a staple of Calabrian cuisine, originating in the nearby province of Vibo Valentia. It is often used to flavor pasta dishes or served with bread. Its distinctive fiery flavor comes from the generous use of local 'Calabrian chili peppers'.

Citrus Fruits and Bergamot

Reggio Calabria is famous for its 'bergamot' oranges, a fragrant citrus fruit used in perfumes, cosmetics, and the production of 'Earl Grey tea'. Bergamot is also used in local desserts and liqueurs, offering a unique taste of the region.

Beaches and Coastal Attractions

Reggio Calabria’s stunning coastline is one of its most appealing features. Whether you’re looking for sandy beaches, rocky coves, or dramatic cliffs, the province has something to offer every beach lover.

The Costa Viola

The 'Costa Viola' (Violet Coast) stretches along the Tyrrhenian Sea and is named for the violet hues that the water takes on during sunset. Towns like 'Bagnara Calabra' and 'Palmi' are popular for their beautiful beaches and crystal-clear waters. The area is also perfect for snorkeling and diving due to the rich marine life found along the rocky coastline.

The Ionian Coast

The 'Ionian Coast' offers miles of sandy beaches and turquoise waters, particularly around towns like 'Locri' and 'Roccella Ionica'. The Ionian beaches are less crowded than the more famous Italian coastal destinations, making them perfect for those seeking a peaceful retreat.

Conclusion

Reggio Calabria Province is a captivating destination that offers a perfect mix of ancient history, vibrant culture, stunning natural landscapes, and delicious cuisine. Whether exploring the ancient Greek ruins of Capo Colonna, hiking in the rugged Aspromonte Mountains, or savoring local delicacies along the scenic coast, Reggio Calabria provides a truly unique and enriching Italian experience. As a lesser-known gem in Southern Italy, the province invites travelers to discover the beauty, charm, and authenticity of Calabria.